Value of discriminant analysis for screening of clonorchiasis sinensis / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To build a discriminant function of clonorchiasis sinensis using stepwise discriminant analysis, so as to investigate the feasibility of discriminant analysis for clonorchiasis sinensis screening. Methods Ten villages in Mulan County of Harbin City were sampled as the study sites using a cluster random sampling method. The fecal samples were collected from the permanent residents in the study sites and detected for Clonorchis sinensis eggs using the modified Kato-Katz smear technique. A questionnaire of clonorchiasis sinensis was designed. All data were entered into Epidata 3.1, and a discriminant analysis was performed using the software SPSS version 15.0. Variable were screened using the stepwise discriminant analysis, and the discriminant function was built using the Fisher’s discriminant analysis method. The effectiveness of the discriminant function for clonorchiasis sinensis screening was evaluated by comparison with the modified Kato-Katz smear method. Results Eight variables with statistical significance were included to build the discriminant function, including chronic cholecystitis, cholangitis, gender, eating raw fish, abdominal distension, ethnicity, abdominal pain and age, and the correction rate of the discriminant function was 88.75% to identify clonorchiasis sinensis. Conclusions The discriminant function of clonorchiasis sinensis can be rapidly and simply built based on the strong data processing and analysis capability of the SPSS software, which is rapid to screen clonorchiasis sinensis in Harbin City. Such a function has a high discriminant analysis capability, and provides insights into the establishment of rapid screening of clonorchiasis sinensis in other endemic areas.

Investigation of epidemic status of clonorchiasis sinensis in western regions of Jilin Province / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To understand the epidemic status of clonorchiasis sinensis in western region of Jilin Province, so as to provide the evidence for formulating the planning and strategy of prevention and control of the disease. Methods In 2017, the areas where the residents had the customs of eating Sashimi were selected as the research areas in the western region of Jilin Province, and according to the cluster sampling, 25 villages in 25 towns (each village per town) of 5 counties in the region were selected as the investigation points. The basic information of crowd was collected by a questionnaire investigation. The Kato-Katz method was used for etiological examinations. The results were analyzed statistically. Results A total of 4 980 people in the 25 villages were investigated, and 1 220 people were infected with Clonorchis sinensis. The average infection rate was 24.50%. There was a significant difference among different counties (cities, districts) in the infection rate of C. sinensis (P < 0.01), and the infection rate in Daan City was the highest (53.82%). In addition, there were significant differences between/among the gender, nation, age, educational level, and occupation in the infection rate (all P values < 0.01). The infection rate of the male was higher than that of the female, the rate of Han was higher than that of other ethnic groups, the rate of the high age group was higher than that of the low age group, the rate of the college degree group was higher than that of the other educational level groups, the rate of the cadre was higher than that of the other occupation groups, and the rate of the group who had vermifuge before the investigation was lower than that of the group who did not have vermifuge. Conclusions The western region of Jilin Province is still the highincidence area of clonorchiasis sinensis. Therefore, the comprehensive control and prevention measures, such as giving vermifuge and health education, should be strengthened in key population and areas in the future.

Research on chemotherapy measures in different Clonorchis sinensis infectios-ity endemic areas / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To explore the suitable chemotherapy measures in different Clonorchis sinensis infectiosity endemic ar-eas. Methods The interventional groups and control groups were set up in the heavy,moderate and light C. sinensis infectiosity areas in Guangdong Province,respectively. In the intervention groups,the chemotherapy was administered among all the residents aged above 3 years in the heavy endemic areas,the chemotherapy was given among the focus populations in the moderate endemic areas,and the chemotherapy was administered among the residents infected with C. sinensis confirmed by stool examinations in the light endemic areas. No measures were carried out in the control groups. Results One year after the interventions,the C. sinensis infection rates of the interventional groups decreased by 47.90%,86.52%and 100%,the abnormal rates of liver B ultrasonic ex-aminations decreased by 26.50%,31.00%and 100%,the ALT abnormal rates decreased by 48.70%,62.30%and 100%,and the AST abnormal rates decreased by 55.50%,39.90% and 100% in the heavy,moderate and light endemic areas,respectively. There was no decreasing trend of above-mentioned indexes in the control groups. Conclusion In the different C. sinensis infectios-ity endemic areas,the different chemotherapy measures should be carried out.

A Parasitic Infection with Eosinophilia in a University Medical Center

BACKGROUND: The causes of eosinophilia are allergies, parasite infections, medications, skin diseases, and others. But, the etiologies of eosinophilia and variables associated with eosinophilia are not well known in Korea. METHODS: This study included patients in a health check up at a general hospital from May 21, 1995 until February 14, 2004. Through self-report, serology, and stool exam, variables associated with eosinophilia were tested. RESULTS: In the eosinophilic group, 5% were helminth infected, and more of C. sinensis infection were found the eosinophilic group with 3.9% compared to the non-eosinophilic group with 1.2% (P<0.05) Associated variables with eosinophilia were old age, high BMI, drinking, smoking, the season of testing helminth infections, and Clonorchiasis infection. But allergy was not associated with eosinophilia. The odds ratios for eosinophilia after adjustment were 2.280 (1.694~3.068) in helminth infections and 2.391 (1.716~3.331) in Clonorchiasis infection. CONCLUSION: In the eosinophilic group, 5% were helminth infected, and more C. sinensis infection were found. Associated variables with eosinophilia were old age, high BMI, drinking, smoking, the season of testing, helminth infections, and Clonorchisis infection. But allergy was not associated with eosinophilia.

Control of clonorchiasis sinensis in Shandong Province during past forty years / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To understand the achievements of clonorchiasis sinensis control in Shandong Province during the past forty years. Methods The data of the previous annual clonorchiasis sinensis investigation in Shandong Province were collected and analyzed. Results From 1960s to 1970s, there were 107 counties existing the prevalence of clonorchiasis sinensis in Shandong Province. The infection rate of population was 1.51%, and 85.70% of the infected people were children below fifteen years old. Through the forty years' control, the decreasing of intermediate hosts such as various kinds of fishes and water-snails due to 85. 00% of ditches and ponds dried up by the lasting drying weather after 1980s, and 90. 00% of rivers polluted by increasing liquid waste, as well as the decreasing of infective chances due to 97. 90% of people breaking off the habit of eating not-well-cooked fishes by popularizing health knowledge, to 2003, the population infection rate dropped to 0.04%, 95.60% of the village where residents had the infection dropped to below 1. 00% , and 60. 00% of counties where no Clonorchis sinensis infection was found. Conclusion The clonorchiasis sinensis transmission areas reduce gradually, the infection rate of population decreases to the lowest in the history and the transmission has been controlled in Shandong Province.

Ultrasonic Diagnosis of Clonorchiasis sinensis / 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志

This is to retrospectively review and summarize the ultrasonic images of 214 patients who were diagnosed as clonorchiasis and received treatment. The major changes in ultrasonography were found in gallbladder and hepatic bile duct. Flocculent echos in the gallbladder were the characteristic feature,which disappeared after chemotherapy. The wall of hepatic bile duct became thicker and shaggy in most patients. These changes improved quite slowly after treatment. Ultra-sonography is of value in the diagnosis of clonorchiasis sinensis